El Estado y la economía ecológica ambiental en los ecosistemas latinoamericanos a partir de 2015

Abstract

As is well known, Biodiversity is a fundamental part of our planet earth and therefore must be conserved and valued by human beings; The foregoing should be highlighted since in the past the necessary value or protection was not given and a large part of this sector has been seriously affected, climatic changes, deforestation, the scarcity of important species and other problems that are being currently presenting. Ecological Economics emerges then as a discipline oriented to the study of the relationships and interactions between ecological systems and economic systems, which incorporates new approaches to logic and rationality, and new value schemes, framed in a new, less anthropocentric and ethical vision. more biocentric and ecocentric; which proposes a new role for the human being, a reconsideration of the prevailing values and a greater solidarity with future generations and with non-human species. The constant search for sustainable development and adequate environmental management is today a challenge that involves everyone and especially all branches of knowledge: a problem of global scope, of an intergenerational nature (Andean Community, August 2007). Economic science is dedicated to establishing monetary valuation methods to quantify environmental deterioration. The objective of these analysis tools is to value the environment, evidencing its "value" as a public good. Said value would be measured, in principle, by the willingness of people to pay for it. It is about specifying what the person really wants rather than simply ignoring their preferences. The calculation of people's willingness to pay for a good is observable when they make their purchases; there are no markets where units of environmental assets are bought or sold.